Sextortion scam — trying to understand what actually happe

Someone close to me admitted to engaging in a sexual conversation online and is now being targeted by a sextortion scammer. The scammer is harassing our whole family, sending disturbing messages and posting creepy comments.

I know not to engage, but I can’t stop wondering what really happened. How far do these conversations usually go? Do scammers send things or just bait people into revealing themselves? How do they get personal info on family?

I’m trying to process the violation and confusion — any insight or similar experiences would help. Or honestly just anyone willing to come clean..